The conflict in Iran is severely disrupting Afghanistan's primary economic lifeline, affecting trade and financial flows that cross the border.
As a result of regional instability, at least 70,000 Afghan workers and students who were in Iran have returned to Afghanistan, adding pressure to an economy already struggling with ongoing conflict.
The mass returnees are entering a country facing renewed violence and security challenges, complicating efforts to stabilize livelihoods and manage labor and education needs.